Harry Potter and His Attributions

Attribution theory explains how people interpret success and failure, and how those explanations shape emotion and motivation. Psychologists describe three main dimensions: whether the cause is internal or external, stable or unstable, and controllable or uncontrollable. Harry Potter’s motivation across his story can be understood through how he made these attributions.

Harry often made internal attributions, believing his successes came from effort and courage. For example, when he mastered the Patronus Charm, he felt proud because his hard work paid off. This controllable, internal attribution boosted his confidence and motivation. However, he also blamed himself when things went wrong. After Cedric’s death, Harry felt deep guilt, even though it was beyond his control. This internal but uncontrollable attribution led to short-term frustration and sadness.

The stability of his beliefs also affected his motivation. When Harry saw failure as temporary, like when he kept practicing spells that first went wrong, he stayed motivated. But when he viewed events as fixed or fated, such as believing the prophecy determined his future, his emotions turned heavy and anxious. His motivation only returned when he focused on what he could change rather than destiny itself.

Finally, controllability played a big role in his emotional ups and downs. When Harry felt he had control, such as forming Dumbledore’s Army, he was focused and energized. When he felt powerless, like being isolated by Dumbledore or trapped at the Dursleys’, his motivation faded.